在台工作的外籍人士,是否需要申報綜所稅,取決於當年度在台居留是否達183天。居住者與非居住者的申報方式與稅率不同,申報錯誤或未申報最高可處漏稅額3倍罰鍰。本文說明身分認定標準與常見疏漏,協助外籍人士釐清申報義務。
在台工作的外籍人士注意:183天是綜所稅申報的關鍵門檻
每年5月綜所稅申報季,對在台工作的外籍人士來說,有一個數字至關重要——183天。財政部中區國稅局近期提醒,外籍人士的綜所稅申報方式,因「稅務居民身分」不同而有所差異,若未依規定申報,最高將面臨漏稅額3倍的行政罰鍰。
居住者與非居住者,申報方式不同
台灣稅法依居留天數將外籍納稅義務人分為兩類:
- 非居住者(當年度在台居留未滿183天):僅就台灣來源所得課稅,通常由扣繳義務人於給付時扣繳,無需辦理結算申報
- 居住者(當年度在台居留達183天以上):應於每年5月1日至5月31日辦理前一年度綜合所得稅結算申報,並自行計算應納稅額繳納
天數怎麼算?
居留天數以護照入出境章戳日期,或內政部移民署簽發的「入出國日期證明書」為準。一年內多次進出台灣者,累積計算全年在台天數。
律師提醒:入境多次、身分臨界的情況最容易出錯
實務上最常見的疏漏,是外籍人士或其雇主低估了全年累積天數,誤以為未達183天而未申報,事後經國稅局調查才發現已達居住者標準,除補徵稅款外,還面臨罰鍰。尤其是年中離境者,依規定應在離境前辦理申報,這一點常被忽略。
Practical Insights for Global Taxpayers
The Central Taiwan National Taxation Bureau has drawn renewed attention to the income tax filing obligations of foreign nationals working in Taiwan. The primary criterion is 183 days of physical presence within a single calendar year.
Foreign nationals present in Taiwan for 183 days or more are classified as tax residents and are required to file a consolidated income tax return during the annual filing period from May 1 to May 31. Income arising from Taiwan sources must be declared in full, with applicable deductions and exemptions applied thereafter.
Those departing Taiwan before year-end are required to file prior to departure. Failure to comply may result in a surcharge of up to three times the amount of tax underpaid. Foreign nationals whose cumulative presence is approaching the 183-day threshold are advised to track entry and exit dates carefully and seek professional guidance ahead of the filing deadline.
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